Welcome To Turkish Citizenship By Investment

The Turkish Citizenship by Investment program (CBI) was launched in 2016 and is one of the more recent programs to roll out worldwide. 

Surrounded by the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Aegean Sea, Turkey has a favorable coastal climate, with dry, hot summers and mildly cool winters.

Ankara is the capital city of Turkey, but its largest city, Istanbul, is more popular due to its pivotal role as a major business, finance, and tourist hub.

A map detailing where Turkey sits amongst citizenship by investment programs.

About Turkey

Turkey, officially known as the Republic of Turkey, is a vibrant country brimming with diverse culture. Its unique location lies at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, making it a key player in geostrategic affairs.

With an estimated population of 86 million people, Turkey boasts a thriving economy that focuses on agriculture, industry, and trade. Bound by the Mediterranean Sea in the south and the Black Sea in the north, Turkey offers not only enviable weather conditions but also breathtaking natural beauty.

View over castle hill of Alanya, Turkey, and Mediterranean sea
Artboard 1

CAPITAL

Ankara

population

POPULATION

86,000,000

Total area

TOTAL AREA

783,562 km2

Currency

CURRENCY

Turkish lira

Geographical Location and Climate

Occupying both European and Asian territories, Turkey embodies a truly transcontinental identity. Its strategic position makes it a vital bridge between East and West. The country’s climate varies significantly across its diverse regions. Along the southern Mediterranean coastline, visitors can enjoy warm and sunny weather, while central Turkey experiences temperate continental conditions. In the northern region, adjacent to the Black Sea, the climate is moderate with increased rainfall.

During summer, average temperatures range from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F), with coastal areas experiencing the higher end of the spectrum. In winter, temperatures vary widely, from mild 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F) along the coasts to colder –5°C to 5°C (23°F to 41°F) in central and eastern regions.

Language and Culture

Turkey’s rich cultural heritage is one of its most captivating aspects, blending Eastern and Western influences into a unique and vibrant identity. As the heart of ancient empires like the Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans, Turkey boasts a wealth of historical landmarks and architectural marvels.

The official language is Turkish, spoken nationwide, though the country’s cultural diversity means minority languages are also present. Daily life is shaped by a fascinating mix of traditional customs and modern urban lifestyles, offering a dynamic cultural experience.

Religion plays a significant role in Turkish society, with the majority of Turks being Muslim. Islamic traditions strongly influence social norms, community interactions, and celebrations, creating a strong sense of unity and cultural depth.

Economic Overview

Turkey boasts a robust and diverse economy driven by agricultural production, industrial manufacturing, and international trade. Key industries such as textiles, food processing, and electronics underpin the country’s strong global export network. In agriculture, Turkey is a world leader in the production of hazelnuts, figs, and apricots, further solidifying its position in international markets.

With a steadily growing Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and rising Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs), Turkey continues to strengthen its economic standing on the global stage. Its well-developed transportation infrastructure—including highways, railways, and airports—facilitates efficient domestic and international trade, showcasing the country’s economic dynamism and strategic importance.

Why Choose The Turkish Citizenship By Investment Program

FAMILY SAFETY AND FUTURE SECURITY

Turkey offers a safe and modern urban environment with advanced infrastructure, excellent educational opportunities, world-class healthcare, and a high standard of living. The country’s dynamic economy and strategic location make it an attractive destination for families and investors alike.

EASY ACCESS TO THE USA E-2 TREATY VISA

The Turkey Citizenship by Investment (CBI) Programme enables investors to apply for a U.S. E-2 Investor Visa, allowing them and their families to relocate to the United States and establish a business. Applicants who acquired Turkish nationality through financial investment must have been domiciled in Turkey for a continuous period of at least three years before applying for the E-2 visa.

VISA-FREE TRAVEL

Holding a Turkish passport grants visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 118 countries, including notable destinations such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Brazil, and several Balkan countries like Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia.

ATTRACTIVE TAX REGIME

Turkey’s tax regime is investor-friendly, featuring a competitive 20% corporate tax rate, progressive personal income tax, and extensive double taxation agreements. Generous incentives and free zones further enhance its appeal for global businesses.

How to Qualify for the Turkish Citizenship by Investment Program

The flag of Turkey flapping in the wind over the ocean.

Eligibility Criteria For Turkish Citizenship By Investment

The Turkish Citizenship by Investment Program allows foreign nationals to secure Turkish citizenship via a designated investment route. However, the below criteria must be met by the main applicant:

  • Must be at least 18 years old.
  • Must not have a criminal record. 
  • Must be in good health and not suffer from a serious illness.
  • Must provide proof of health insurance coverage valid in Turkey.
  • Must not have ever resided unlawfully in Turkey.
  • Must be able to prove the legality of their income. 
  • Must not be from a black-listed country.
  • Must have a Turkish Tax ID number.
  • Must provide birth certificates, passports, and biometric-colored passport photos for all applicants.
  • Must provide recent proof of residence, such as utility statements. 
 

Eligible Family Dependents

 
  • Spouse: The legally married partner of the main applicant.
  • Children under 18: Biological or adopted children of the main applicant or their spouse who are under 18 years old.
  • Children over 18 with disabilities: Unmarried children over 18 who are legally recognized as disabled and are financially dependent on the main applicant.
 

Mandatory Documentation

  • Birth certificates for all applicants.
  • Valid passports for each individual applying.
  • Recent proof of residence, such as utility statements.
  • Biometric colored passport photos of each individual applicant.
  • A Turkish Tax ID number.
  • Documents proving a clean criminal record.
  • Proof of health insurance coverage valid in Turkey. 
  • Marriage or divorce certificates if applicable.

Turkey Citizenship By Investment Options

The Turkish Citizenship By Investment Program is a great option for expats looking for a second citizenship. To become eligible for the Turkish CBI Program, the main applicant must complete one or more of the following minimum investment requirements:

1. Real Estate Investment 

Purchase real estate, land, or commercial facilities worth at least USD 400,000. Applicants can buy several properties that accumulate to USD 400,000 as long as the purchases are all made within 2 months of each other. The purchase/s must be held for 3 years before resale is allowable.

Additional Fees (Real Estate Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250
VAT 1-8% of the property purchase price (with exceptions) Nil Nil Nil
Stamp Duty 2% of the purchase price Nil Nil Nil

2. Fixed Capital Investment

Invest a minimum of USD 500,000 (or equivalent foreign currency) as a fixed capital contribution, as attested by the Ministry of Industry and Technology.

Additional Fees (Capital Contribution Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250

3. Create Employment Opportunities

Create employment opportunities for at least 50 people by investing in the capital stock of a Turkish company, as certified by the Ministry of Family, Labour, and Social Services. Shares must be held for at least 3 years before they can be sold.

Additional Fees (Employment Opportunities Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250

4. Bank Deposit

Deposit at least USD 500,000 (or equivalent in foreign currency or Turkish lira) into a Turkish bank account. The investor can withdraw the funds after 3 years.

Additional Fees (Bank Deposit Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250

5. Government Bond Investment 

Commit to a minimum investment of USD 500,000 or its equivalent in foreign currency or Turkish lira into government bonds. The investor can withdraw the funds after 3 years.

Additional Fees (Government Bond Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250

6. Invest in a Real Estate Investment Fund or Venture Capital Investment Fund

Invest at least USD 500,000 (or equivalent in foreign currency or Turkish lira) into a real estate investment fund or venture capital investment fund, as attested by the Capital Markets Board of Turkey. The investor can receive passive income during ownership. The investment must be held for 3 years.

Additional Fees (Real Estate Fund/Venture Capital Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250

7. Invest in the Private Pension System

Invest a minimum of USD 500,000 or its equivalent in foreign currency into funds approved by the Insurance and Private Pension Regulation and Supervision Agency. Additionally, this investment must be maintained within the private pension system for a minimum of three years, as certified by the Insurance and Private Pension Regulation and Supervision Agency.

Additional Fees (Private Pension System Option)

Main Applicant Spouse Children under 16 years of age Children over 16 years of age
Passport Fee USD 500 USD 500 USD 500 USD 500
Application Processing Fee USD 400 USD 400 USD 400 USD 400
Notary and Translation Fee USD 1000 USD 250 USD 250 USD 250

Procedures And Time Frame For The Turkish Citizenship By Investment Program

Applying for the Turkish CBI Program involves several steps. The entire process typically takes around 120 days from the submission of the application to obtaining approval.

Partner with NGE

Sign a retainer agreement with Next Generation Equity so we can help with your application process. We are a trusted, government-approved facilitator of citizenship by investment programs. Provide us with preliminary documentation such as passports and financial information.

Choose Your Investment Option

Choose between the fixed capital investment, real estate purchase, job creation, bank deposit, government bonds, investment fund, and private pension contribution option.

Apply for a Turkish Tax ID

Visit the local tax office with your passport to obtain a tax registration number (Turkish Tax ID).

Open a Turkish Bank Account

Open a Turkish bank account and transfer the required funds to your Turkish account for the chosen investment type.

Make the Investment

Complete the required investment in one of the eligible options such as real estate worth at least USD 400,000, a minimum fixed capital investment of USD 500,000, or similar amounts in government bonds or venture capital funds, ensuring these investments are maintained for at least three years.

Obtain a Valuation Report (Real Estate Only)

If purchasing real estate, secure a valuation report from a government-certified appraiser to confirm the property’s value meets the CBI program requirements.

Apply for a Certificate of Eligibility

Apply to the relevant Turkish authority such as the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadaster of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization or the Ministry of Industry and Technology, depending on your investment choice, to obtain a certificate of eligibility.

Apply for a Residency Permit

Submit an application for a short-term residence permit. This is a prerequisite for applying for citizenship. Required documents include proof of investment, valid health insurance, and personal identification.

Documentation and Application Submission

Collect all necessary documents in coordination with NGE. This includes not just investment proofs but also personal identification and compliance documents. Submit the application to the Provincial Directorate of Census and Citizenship where you reside. They may request an interview as part of this submission.

Review

The Provincial Directorate of Census and Citizenship will review your application and perform due diligence checks on all applicants. If deemed acceptable, they will send a letter of approval within 120 days of receiving the application with the status ‘approval in principle’. 

Receive your Passport

Upon approval, the application will be sent to the President’s Office for the final decision. Following the President’s approval, you will be granted Turkish citizenship and you should receive your passport/s in the mail.

Benefits Of Turkish Citizenship By Investment Program

Turkey Allows Dual Citizenship

Turkey allows dual nationality which offers a significant advantage for international investors. As an investor who has acquired Turkish citizenship through the investment route, you are not required to give up your original nationality. However, it is important to check the laws in your own country; even though Turkish law doesn’t restrict individuals from holding other nationalities along with Turkish citizenship, there may be limitations placed by the applicant’s home country. 

An important note on this arrangement is that foreign citizens will be excused from the mandatory military service in Turkey, whilst still enjoying all the benefits of being a full-fledged local citizen.

Robust Economy

Turkey has one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. The economy expanded by 4.5%, with GDP reaching approximately USD 1.12 trillion and GDP per capita at USD 13,110. It has shown particular signs of growth in sectors such as automotive, textiles, agricultural products, consumer electronics, and home appliances.

Visa-Free Travel

A Turkish passport grants you visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 118 countries including Hong Kong, Japan, Thailand, Russia, and Singapore. There is also the potential for visa-free travel to the EU in the coming months. 

Duty-Free Agreement with the EU

Under the Customs Union agreement between Turkey and the European Union, Turkish citizens and businesses benefit from duty-free import and export of most industrial goods. To qualify for this exemption, an ATR (Admission Temporaire Roulette) Movement Certificate is required, which confirms the goods are in free circulation between Turkey and the EU.

It’s important to note, however, that while the ATR certificate exempts goods from customs duties, it does not exempt them from VAT (Value Added Tax).

21 Free Zones

Turkey is home to 21 strategically located free zones designed to promote export-oriented investment and trade. These zones provide significant advantages to manufacturing companies and export-focused logistics services. Businesses operating within these free zones benefit from comprehensive tax incentives, including:

  1. 100% exemptions on corporate tax, income tax, VAT, and customs duties.
  2. Exemptions from real estate taxes and other local levies.
  3. Streamlined administrative procedures to simplify operations and encourage investment.

Easy to Move to the UK

Turkish citizens enjoy a relatively straightforward route to relocating to the UK. With a business person visa under the Ankara Agreement, you can start a business, reside in the UK, and eventually pursue British citizenship. This unique benefit opens doors to living and working in one of the world’s most stable economies.

Lifelong Citizenship

The citizenship obtained via the investment scheme is lifelong and also inheritable, offering enduring stability and affluence for your descendants. This creates a foundation of benefits for your family’s future.

Strategic Geographical Location

Turkey’s location at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East provides unparalleled access to global markets. This strategic position makes it ideal for investors seeking a base for international trade or regional business expansion.

High Quality of Life

Turkey combines modern living standards with a rich cultural heritage, offering residents and investors an attractive lifestyle. The country boasts affordable healthcare and education systems, stunning natural landscapes, and a wealth of historic landmarks. Additionally, its vibrant real estate market presents lucrative investment opportunities while providing comfortable and appealing living conditions, making Turkey an ideal choice for those seeking both quality of life and financial growth.

Taxes in Turkey

It is important to understand the tax system in Turkey. Being aware of your tax obligations will help you stay compliant with the local laws and avoid unexpected liabilities. This section will provide you with an overview of the taxes applicable to successful CBI applicants, as well as some tips on how to navigate the Turkish taxation system.

Individual Taxation

Income tax in Turkey can come from various sources, including employment income, rental income, and dividends. Your tax liability will depend on your status as a tax resident or non-resident. Tax residents are individuals who reside in Turkey for more than 6 months in a calendar year, while non-residents are those who spend less than 6 months in Turkey per calendar year. Turkey uses a progressive income tax system, with rates ranging from 15% to 40%

If you are a tax resident, you will be taxed on your worldwide income, whereas non-residents will only be taxed on Turkish-sourced income. It is essential to declare your income correctly and file an annual tax return, usually due by the end of March of the following year. Ensure that you keep accurate records of your rental income and the necessary expenses to claim deductions when calculating your taxable income.

The tax brackets are as follows:

Up to TRY 110,000 (USD 3,960)= 15%

TRY 110,000 to TRY 230,000 (USD 3,960 – USD 8,280:)= 20%

TRY 230,000 to TRY 870,000 (USD 8,280: – USD 31,320)= 27%

TRY 870,000 to TRY 3,000,000 (USD 31,320 – USD 108,000)= 35%

Over TRY 3,900,000 (USD 108,000)= 40%

Corporate Taxation

The corporate income tax rate in Turkey is 25%. However, for financial sector companies such as banks, companies specializing in financial leasing, asset management firms, and corporations providing insurance services, the corporate tax rate is 30%. Exporters benefit from a 5% reduction in corporate tax on their export income.

Property Taxes 

Property tax rates vary based on property type and location:

  • Residential Properties: 0.1% of assessed value; increases to 0.2% in large urban areas.
  • Commercial Properties: 0.2%; rising to 0.4% in major cities.
  • Agricultural Land: 0.2%; doubles to 0.4% in metropolitan regions.
  • Undeveloped Land: 0.3%; increases to 0.6% in big cities.
 

These taxes are payable in two instalments, typically in May and November.

Capital Gains Tax

Capital gains from the sale of assets (such as property, real estate, or shares) are subject to taxation, with rates ranging from 15% to 40%, depending on the amount. As of 2024, the first TRY 55,000 (USD 1,568) of capital gains from the sale of most assets is exempt from taxation. 

Additionally, many assets that are held for more than five years before being resold can be exempt from paying any capital gains tax on the profit.

Inheritance Taxes

Inheritance tax might apply if you inherit assets as a Turkish citizen. This tax is levied on both domestic and worldwide assets. The inheritance tax rate in Turkey ranges between 1% and 30%, depending on the relationship between the deceased and the heir and the value of the inheritance. It is essential to seek professional advice to understand your inheritance tax liabilities better and plan accordingly.

Free Zone Tax Law

Turkey has established 21 free zones offering various incentives:

  • 100% exemption from customs duties and other assorted duties.
  • 100% exemption from corporate income tax for manufacturing companies.
  • 100% exemption from value-added tax (VAT) and special consumption tax.
  • 100% exemption from stamp duty for applicable documents.
  • 100% exemption from real estate tax.
 

For companies exporting at least 85% of their goods, there is also a complete income tax exemption on employee salaries, creating significant cost savings for labour-intensive operations.

Additionally, these companies enjoy:

  • Unrestricted storage of goods within Free Zones.
  • Freedom to transfer profits abroad without restrictions.
  • Tax exemptions on infrastructure, property transactions, and the import of used machinery.
 

Complying with Turkey’s Tax Laws

So, as an expat with Turkish or dual citizenship, understanding your tax obligations in your new country is crucial. Familiarize yourself with the various taxes applicable to you, plan your finances accordingly, and consult qualified professionals to help you navigate the Turkish tax system.

Alternative Paths to Turkish Citizenship

Notably, achieving Turkish citizenship isn’t limited purely to the investment route. Several other approaches can lead to the same outcome.

Marriage

If you are married to a Turkish citizen, you may apply for citizenship after 3 years of marriage, provided the marriage is genuine and not arranged solely for citizenship purposes. Applicants must also demonstrate that they live together as a family and do not engage in any activities that could harm public order or national security.

Birthright

Children born to at least one Turkish parent automatically qualify for Turkish citizenship, regardless of their place of birth. This is based on Turkey’s principle of jus sanguinis (right of blood).

Employment Opportunities

Foreigners who have legally worked in Turkey for a continuous period of 5 years under a valid work permit may apply for Turkish citizenship. This pathway requires compliance with residency and employment regulations throughout the period.

Naturalization Pathway

Individuals who have resided in Turkey with legal status for 5 consecutive years may qualify for citizenship through naturalization. Applicants must demonstrate intent to settle in Turkey, which can be supported by factors such as property ownership, employment, or family ties in the country. Knowledge of the Turkish language and no criminal record are also key requirements.

Special Merit Rewards

Foreigners who make exceptional contributions in areas such as science, sports, culture, or art, or who perform extraordinary services for Turkey, may be granted citizenship by a special decision of the President. This pathway recognises individuals who enhance Turkey’s global standing or contribute significantly to its national interests.

Turkish Citizenship By Investment FAQs

What is the Quickest Way to Get Turkish Citizenship?

The quickest way to obtain Turkish Citizenship is via the Citizenship by Investment Program. This requires a minimum investment of USD 400,000 and in most cases will reward you with a Turkish passport within 120 days.

Can Foreigners Get Citizenship in Turkey?

Yes, foreign citizens can become Turkish citizens. Turkey offers a citizenship by investment program that allows foreign investors to obtain Turkish citizenship by making a qualifying investment, such as purchasing real estate worth at least USD 400,000 or investing USD 500,000 in fixed capital contributions. Please note that dual citizenship is allowed in Turkey, but you should check with your home country to see if it also permits dual citizenship with Turkey.

Do Foreign Nationals Need a Residence Permit to Buy Real Estate in Turkey?

No, foreign nationals do not need to have a residence permit as a precondition to acquire real estate in Turkey. Additionally, foreigners who purchase property in Turkey are eligible for renewable short-term residence permits under Law No. 6458 on Foreigners and International Protection.

How Can I Look at Real Estate Properties Online for Turkish Citizenship by Investment?

You can look at and make inquiries about properties online via the official website parselsorgu.tkgm.gov.tr. By entering specific details such as the city, district, quarter/village, map section, and plot, you can look up the property you are interested in. The website provides basic information on the real estate, including its current status.

What is the Cheapest Way to Gain Citizenship by Investment in Turkey? 

The cheapest way to gain citizenship by Investment is to invest a minimum of USD 400,000 into purchasing property or land in Turkey. Land registry fees, stamp duty, legal fees, and title deed transfer costs will be additional costs.

How Long Do I Have to Hold My Investment for Turkish Citizenship?

Investments must be maintained for a minimum of 3 years to retain eligibility for Turkish citizenship under the CBI program.

Is Turkish Citizenship Passed Down to Future Generations?

Yes, Turkish citizenship obtained through the CBI program is lifelong and can be passed on to descendants.

Do I Have to Invest in Real Estate to Gain Citizenship by Investment?

No, there are 6 other ways that you can invest in Turkey to achieve citizenship. The options include investing a minimum of USD 500,000 into capital investment, government bonds, venture capital investment funds, private pension system, or creating at least 50 jobs for Turkish citizens.

Are Foreign Natural Persons Restricted When Buying Property in Turkey?

Yes, foreign natural persons are restricted when buying real estate in Turkey. However, they can purchase residential, commercial, and agricultural properties, and land lots. Here are some important legal restrictions and requirements to note:

1. Development Obligation: If the acquired property lacks pre-existing structures, the foreign owner must submit a development plan to the relevant public administration within two years.

2. Area Limitation: Foreign individuals are allowed to acquire up to 30 hectares of real estate and limited rights in rem across Turkey. However, the Cabinet of Ministers can approve larger areas if deemed necessary.

3. Military and Security Restrictions: Foreigners cannot buy property in military zones and need special permission to purchase in security zones.

4. District Area Cap: The total land owned by foreign nationals cannot exceed ten percent of the land area of the district where private property is permitted. Purchases that would breach this cap are not allowed.

What are the Required Documents for Turkish Citizenship By Investment?

The required documents for Turkish citizenship by the capital investment include the following:

  1. Birth certificates of all applicants.
  2. Passports of each applicant.
  3. Proof of residence (recent utility statement).
  4. Biometric, colored passport photos of each applicant.
  5. Marriage certificate (if applicable).
  6. Death or divorce certificate of spouse (if applicable).
  7. Proof that all applicants have a clean criminal record.
  8. Proof of Health Insurance (valid in Turkey).
  9. Proof of investment of at least USD 400,000 into a Turkish bank account, real estate investment office, or lawyer’s client account (depending on the chosen investment option).
  10. Turkish Tax ID Number.

Please note that some documents may require official translations and certifications.

Can I Get Turkish Citizenship after Living in Turkey for 5 years?

While the Turkey CBI program allows you to obtain Turkish citizenship within approximately 120 days of submitting your application, you can also apply for Turkish CBI through naturalization. If you have legally and continuously resided in Turkey for at least 6 months each year for 5 years, you may be eligible to apply for Turkish citizenship through the naturalization process.

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